{"id":5784,"date":"2023-05-06T16:58:11","date_gmt":"2023-05-06T13:58:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/?page_id=5784"},"modified":"2023-05-07T12:42:33","modified_gmt":"2023-05-07T09:42:33","slug":"edinilmis-mallar-yerine-gecen-degerler","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/edinilmis-mallar-yerine-gecen-degerler\/","title":{"rendered":"ED\u0130N\u0130LM\u0130\u015e MALLAR YER\u0130NE GE\u00c7EN DE\u011eERLER"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5784\" class=\"elementor elementor-5784\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-03fe83b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"03fe83b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9d0c62f\" data-id=\"9d0c62f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e68f5af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e68f5af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\"><p style=\"padding-left: 280px;\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #333333;\">ED\u0130N\u0130LM\u0130\u015e MALLAR YER\u0130NE GE\u00c7EN DE\u011eERLER<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Haz\u0131rlayan: Av. Bedrettin YILMAZ<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0130\u00c7\u0130NDEK\u0130LER<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u00e7indekiler\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026.1<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131saltmalar Cetveli\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026.2<\/p>\n<p>Giri\u015f\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026.1<\/p>\n<p>I- Edinilmi\u015f Mallara Kat\u0131lma Rejiminde Edinilmi\u015f Mallar Yerine Ge\u00e7en De\u011ferler\u2026\u2026..\u20261<\/p>\n<p>A-Genel Olarak \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u20261<\/p>\n<p>B-Edinilmi\u015f Mallara Kat\u0131lma \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;&#8230;\u20262<\/p>\n<p>II-Edinilmi\u015f Mallar Yerine Ge\u00e7en De\u011ferler\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;3<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Ar\u0131zi Bir Olay Neticesi&nbsp;&nbsp; Elde Edilen De\u011ferler\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..4<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>b) \u015eans, Talih veya Benzeri Yollardan Elde Edilen De\u011ferler\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026&#8230;\u2026.\u20265<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>c) Edinilmi\u015f Mal \u0130le Ki\u015fisel Mal\u0131n \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u00e7e Ge\u00e7mesi Halinde Mal\u0131n Grupland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131&#8230;&#8230;.5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..\u2026..6<\/p>\n<p>Kaynak\u00e7a \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..\u20267<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h6><ol><li><strong> ED\u0130N\u0130LM\u0130\u015e MALLARA KATILMA REJ\u0130M\u0130NDE ED\u0130N\u0130LM\u0130\u015e MALLAR YER\u0130NE GE\u00c7EN DE\u011eERLER&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><\/h6>\n<h6><strong>A.&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>GENEL OLARAK<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>Ailenin temeli olan evlenme, e\u015fler aras\u0131nda \u00f6yle bir birli\u011fi yarat\u0131r ki, bundan, \u00f6n planda ahlaki bir birlik olmak \u00fczere, birtak\u0131m ahlaki ve hukuki sonu\u00e7lar do\u011far. E\u015flerin evlilik (hayat) birli\u011fi malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furur. Kar\u0131 koca aras\u0131nda iktisadi ve mali alanda bir ba\u011f meydana gelmeden, bu birli\u011fin ger\u00e7ek bir hayat ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia etmeye imkan yoktur. Kar\u0131 ile kocan\u0131n malvarl\u0131klar\u0131 birbirinden tamamen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kalacaksa, b\u00f6yle bir ba\u011f, ayn\u0131 pansiyonlarda kalan ve birbirine sevgi ile ba\u011fl\u0131 olan serbest bir ili\u015fkiden farkl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Birlikte yiyip i\u00e7en ayn\u0131 evi payla\u015fan, evdeki bir\u00e7ok e\u015fyay\u0131 birlikte kullanan, birlikte gezip e\u011flenen, gelecek i\u00e7in birlikte planlar yapan e\u015fler aras\u0131nda ister istemez mali ili\u015fkiler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r<a href=\"#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>E\u015flerin evlenmeden \u00f6nce ve evlendikten sonra edindikleri mallar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet durumunun nas\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131, bu mallar\u0131n nas\u0131l y\u00f6netilece\u011fi, mallar\u0131n gelirinden kimin hangi oranda yararlanaca\u011f\u0131, mallar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla do\u011fan bor\u00e7lardan kimin ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sorumlu olaca\u011f\u0131, evlilik sona erdi\u011finde veya yasada g\u00f6sterilen di\u011fer durumlarda, mallar\u0131n nas\u0131l payla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ve buna benzer sorunlar\u0131, kar\u0131 koca mal rejimine ili\u015fkin kurallar d\u00fczenler. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, evlilik birli\u011finde mal rejimi, mallar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla e\u015fler aras\u0131nda ve e\u015fler ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ili\u015fkileri d\u00fczenleyen h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden olu\u015fan bir sistemi ifade eder<a href=\"#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Hal b\u00f6yleyken e\u015fler taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilen mal rejimi, t\u00fcm bu say\u0131lan hususlar\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen ve bir \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak mali sorunlar\u0131 \u00f6nceden \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla kurallar koyup, e\u015flerin riayetini d\u00fczenleyen bir mekanizma olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanununda da e\u015fler taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilecek mal rejimleri kanun koyucu taraf\u0131ndan tahdidi olarak say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu rejimlerden istedi\u011fini se\u00e7me hakk\u0131n\u0131 e\u015flere tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu hususta en \u00f6nemli olan ve kanun taraf\u0131ndan da belirlendi\u011fi \u00fczere mal rejimini se\u00e7meyen e\u015flerin zorunlu olarak tabi olduklar\u0131 mal rejimi olan edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu rejimde edinilmi\u015f mallar yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferleri irdeleme ve inceleme ayr\u0131ca \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>B- ED\u0130N\u0130LM\u0130\u015e MALLARA KATILMA<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><strong>4721 &nbsp;say\u0131l\u0131 yasayla kanuni mal rejimi, edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejimi olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Eski rejimin <\/strong>\u2013 <strong>mal ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/strong>\u2013<strong> adil olmayan sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmas\u0131 nedeniyle ve \u0130svi\u00e7re Medeni Kanunundaki de\u011fi\u015fiklik nazara al\u0131narak bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanununun 202. Maddesi uyar\u0131nca e\u015fler mal rejimi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle kanunda say\u0131lan di\u011fer rejimlerden birini kabul etmedik\u00e7e, e\u015fler aras\u0131nda kanuni mal rejiminin, di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin uygulanmas\u0131 as\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1]Acabey, Be\u015fir, <strong>Medeni Kanun Tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Evlilik Birli\u011finde Yasal Mal Rejimine \u0130li\u015fkin H\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin De\u011ferlendirilmesi, Prof. Dr. Hayri Domani\u00e7\u2019e 80. Ya\u015f G\u00fcn\u00fc Arma\u011fan\u0131, II. Cilt<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul 2001, 778-779.<\/p>\n<p>[2]Ahmet K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7o\u011flu, <strong>Medeni Kanun\u2019umuzun Aile-Miras-E\u015fya Hukukuna Getirdi\u011fi Yenilikler<\/strong>, Ankara 2004, 173; Nazan Moro\u011flu, <strong>Medeni Kanunda Mal Rejimleri<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul 2002, 13; P\u0131nar \u00d6zlem Demir, <strong>Evli Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Hukuki Durumu<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul 2004, 41. Kanun koyucu, mal rejimi ile ilgili d\u00fczenlemeyi getirirken, e\u015flerin malvarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n evlenme aktinden etkilenmeyerek, evlenme akdi yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f gibi, eski hali ile devam etmesi prensibinden veya evlenmekle e\u015flerin ekonomik y\u00f6nden de bir ortakl\u0131k i\u00e7ine girdikleri, malvarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n hayat ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na paralel bir mal ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde eridi\u011fi prensibinden veya bu iki ekstrem aras\u0131nda kalan di\u011fer prensiplerinden hareket etmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejimi, edinilmi\u015f mallar ile e\u015flerin ki\u015fisel mallar\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Bir malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferinin edinilmi\u015f mal yahut ki\u015fisel mal oldu\u011funun a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirlenememesi halinde aksi ispat edilinceye kadar edinilmi\u015f mal olarak kabul edilecektir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Kanunun 219 maddesinde ise, edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n ne oldu\u011funun tan\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131larak&nbsp; bentler halinde say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kanuni tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re her e\u015fin mal rejiminin devam\u0131 s\u00fcresince kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vererek elde ettikleri malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlerine \u201cedinilmi\u015f mal\u201d denmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bu rejim, san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, e\u015flerin t\u00fcm mallar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren bir rejim de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminde, e\u015flerin EVL\u0130L\u0130K S\u00dcRES\u0130NCE ED\u0130ND\u0130KLER\u0130 mallara kat\u0131l\u0131m s\u00f6z konusudur. E\u015flerin evlilik s\u0131ras\u0131nda gerek bekar iken gerek \u00f6nceki evliliklerinden edindikleri mallarda di\u011fer e\u015fin hi\u00e7bir hakk\u0131 mevcut de\u011fildir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, on y\u0131ll\u0131k evlili\u011fine son veren bir ki\u015finin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni evlilikte, on y\u0131ll\u0131k evlilik s\u00fcresince edindi\u011fi ve getirdi\u011fi mallar \u00fczerinde yeni evlilikteki di\u011fer e\u015fin hi\u00e7bir hakk\u0131 mevcut de\u011fildir. Edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminde, evlilik s\u00fcresince kural olarak emek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda edinilen mallara kat\u0131lma s\u00f6z konusudur<a href=\"#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>E\u015flerin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 emek, para veya di\u011fer malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 unsurlar\u0131 ile vererek sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 edinimler, e\u015flerin edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<a href=\"#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>O halde edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin hareket noktas\u0131n\u0131, e\u015flerin evlilik s\u00fcresince emek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 edindi\u011fi mallarda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm olup, bir e\u015fin emek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda edindi\u011fi malda, ister ev i\u015flerinde, ister \u00fccret kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir meslekte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan di\u011fer e\u015fin de katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamam\u0131za g\u00f6re edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminde, e\u015flerin evlilik s\u00fcresince emek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan, emeksiz olarak edindi\u011fi mallara kat\u0131l\u0131m s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Nitekim Kanunun 219.maddesinde \u201cEdinilmi\u015f mallar\u201d say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu gruba nelerin girdi\u011fi be\u015f bent&nbsp; halinde say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Mal rejimi tasfiye edildi\u011finde sadece \u201cedinilmi\u015f mallar\u201d e\u015fler aras\u0131nda yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya \u201ce\u015fit olarak\u201d payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;Edinilmi\u015f mallar;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kazan\u0131lan mallar <em>(maa\u015f);<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik veya sosyal yard\u0131m kurumu veya sand\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00f6demeler <em>(\u00f6r: emekli maa\u015f, k\u0131dem tazminatlar\u0131);<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn kayb\u0131 sebebiyle kendisine \u00f6denilen tazminatlar,<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u015fisel mallar\u0131n geliri <em>(kira, faiz gelirleri gibi),<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler olarak s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<a href=\"#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bir es\u0327in edinilmis\u0327 mallar\u0131 o\u0308zellikle s\u0327unlard\u0131r:<br>1. C\u0327al\u0131s\u0327mas\u0131n\u0131n kars\u0327\u0131l\u0131g\u0306\u0131 olan edinimler, <em>(ekonomik de\u011fer: maa\u015f, ikramiye, bah\u015fi\u015f vs.)<\/em><br>2. Sosyal gu\u0308venlik veya sosyal yard\u0131m kurum ve kurulus\u0327lar\u0131n\u0131n veya personele yard\u0131m amac\u0131 ile kurulan sand\u0131k ve benzerlerinin yapt\u0131g\u0306\u0131 o\u0308demeler, (Emekli Sand\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ba\u011f-Kur, SSK)<br>3. C\u0327al\u0131s\u0327ma gu\u0308cu\u0308nu\u0308n kayb\u0131 nedeniyle o\u0308denen tazminatlar,<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>Kis\u0327isel mallar\u0131n\u0131n gelirleri, <em>(kira, faiz gelirleri gibi)<\/em><br>5. Edinilmis\u0327 mallar\u0131n yerine gec\u0327en deg\u0306erler. <em>(ikame de\u011ferler)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[3] Ak\u0131nt\u00fcrk, Turgut; \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrk Medeni Hukuku, Yeni Medeni Kanuna Uyarlanm\u0131\u015f Aile Hukuku\u201d<\/strong>, Cilt 2, Yenilenmi\u015f 8. bas\u0131, Beta Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 \u0130stanbul 2003,&nbsp; s 263.<\/p>\n<p>[4] Dural, \u00d6\u011f\u00fcz, G\u00dcM\u00dc\u015e; <strong>\u201cT\u00fcrk \u00d6zel Hukuku, Aile Hukuku\u201d<\/strong>, Cilt III, G\u00f6zden Ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f 15. Bas\u0131, Filiz Kitabevi, \u0130stanbul, 2020, s. 217.<\/p>\n<p>[5] Uyar, Talih; \u201cT\u00fcrk Medeni Kamun-Aile Hukuku\u201d, Cilt 3, Feryal Matbaas\u0131, Ankara, 2003, s 219.<\/p>\n<p>Bir e\u015fin b\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131 aksi ispat edilinceye kadar edinilmi\u015f mal olarak kabul edilir. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, hangi mal\u0131n edinilmi\u015f, hangi mal\u0131n ki\u015fisel mal oldu\u011fu olduk\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bo\u015fanma durumunda bu mallar\u0131n e\u015fler aras\u0131nda tasfiyesi bir\u00e7ok problemi de beraberinde getirecektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; miras yoluyla kendisine olduk\u00e7a eski bir ev kalan kad\u0131n, e\u015finin emekli maa\u015f\u0131 ile evin i\u00e7ini yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015flarsa, bo\u015fanma durumunda bu mallar\u0131n nas\u0131l tasfiye edilece\u011fi son derece karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada Kanunun 219. maddesinin 5. bendinde say\u0131lan \u201cedinilmi\u015f mallar yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler\u201d hususu devreye girecektir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<h6><strong>II- ED\u0130N\u0130LM\u0130\u015e MALLARIN YER\u0130NE GE\u00c7EN DE\u011eERLER<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;Edinilmi\u015f mallar yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler Kanunun 219\/2 bent 5 h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re edinilmi\u015f mallardan say\u0131l\u0131r. Kat\u0131lma rejiminde edinilmi\u015f bir mal\u0131n elden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 her zaman beklenir. Ya\u015fam\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6re yerine bir de\u011ferin ge\u00e7mesi de ola\u011fand\u0131r. O kadar ki, edinilmi\u015f bir mal\u0131n hasara u\u011framas\u0131 ya da yok edilmesi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6denen tazminatlar bile edinilmi\u015f mal say\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Edinilmi\u015f bir mal bir bedel kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda elden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise bu bedel edinilmi\u015f mal say\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <strong>Edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler, do\u011frudan do\u011fruya edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna dahil olur. (TMK 219\/II b.5) Bu kural, taraf iradelerinden tamamen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r. De\u011ferin yerine ge\u00e7mesi do\u011frudan do\u011fruya kanundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cDe\u011ferin yerine ge\u00e7mesi\u201d kavram\u0131 alt\u0131nda edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna dahil bir de\u011ferin bu gruptan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, fakat onun yerine ayn\u0131 cins olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131mayan bir ba\u015fka de\u011ferin girmesi olarak tarif edilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>TMK 219\/b. 5\u2019e g\u00f6re edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler (kaim de\u011fer=s\u00fcrrogat) yine edinilmi\u015f mal kalmaya devam eder. Kaim de\u011fer, \u015feyin yok olmas\u0131 veya m\u00fclkiyetinin devredilmesi sonucu yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011feri ifade eder. <strong>Bir mal grubundan \u00e7\u0131kan de\u011fer, t\u00fcketilmi\u015fse veya ba\u015fka birine ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015fsa, \u00e7\u0131kan de\u011ferin yerine ge\u00e7ecek bir de\u011ferden s\u00f6z edilmez. Mesela, edinilmi\u015f mal grubundaki hisse senetleri sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, al\u0131nan para ile yerine bir tablo sat\u0131n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ise tablo, edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna dahil olur. Fakat&nbsp; ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama veya&nbsp; t\u00fcketilme kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir art\u0131 de\u011fer meydana gelmemi\u015fse bu durumda edinilmi\u015f mal yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferden s\u00f6z edilmeyecektir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h6><strong>a)&nbsp;<\/strong><strong style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Lato, sans-serif;\">Ar\u0131zi Bir Olay Neticesi Elde Edilen De\u011ferler<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><strong>Bir mal\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7me, mutlaka de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f anlam\u0131na gelmez. Ar\u0131zi bir olay\u0131 sonucu e\u015flerden birinin malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda art\u0131 bir de\u011fer meydana gelebilir. Bu, bir haks\u0131z fiil sonucu olabilece\u011fi gibi haks\u0131z fiil d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kazan\u0131lan bir tazminat sonucu elde edilen bir getiri \u015feklinde de olabilir. Mesela, haks\u0131z fiil dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00f6yle bir durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna dahil bir arac\u0131n tamamen hasar g\u00f6rmesi halinde, hasar neticesinde sigorta \u015firketinde veya kar\u015f\u0131 taraftan al\u0131nan bedel de edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna dahildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc haks\u0131z fiil olay\u0131na konu olan ara\u00e7 edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna dahil oldu\u011fundan elde edilen hasar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 da buraya dahil olacakt\u0131r.&nbsp; <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna ve \u00fczerinde bir yararlanma hakk\u0131 olan bir mal tamamen yararlan\u0131lmayacak bir hale gelmi\u015fse hakk\u0131n konusu yerine ge\u00e7en kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u00fczerindeki yararlanma, edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna dahil olur. (TMK 798\/II<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn6\">[6]<\/a><strong>) Bir mal\u0131n edinilmi\u015f mal grubuna dahil edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, o mal\u0131n kullan\u0131\u015f amac\u0131 hakl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Hakl\u0131 olan, mal\u0131n tedarik edilmesindeki kaynakt\u0131r. Mesela, A ayl\u0131k maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 biriktirerek bir diz \u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bilgisayar\u0131n ailenin b\u00fct\u00fcn fertleri taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131 halinde de bilgisayar A\u2019n\u0131n edindi\u011fi mal grubuna dahil olur. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde A, 10 sene \u00f6nce kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 para ile bir hal\u0131 sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra A, teyzesinden kalan miras ile yeni bir hal\u0131 sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yeni hal\u0131, A\u2019n\u0131n ki\u015fisel malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dahildir<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn7\">[7]<\/a><strong>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<h6><strong style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Lato, sans-serif;\">b) \u015eans, Talih veya Benzeri Yollardan Elde Edilen De\u011ferler<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;\u0130svi\u00e7re Federal Mahkemesi, e\u015flerden birinin lotodan kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikramiyeyi, loto ko\u00e7an\u0131n\u0131n edinilmi\u015f mallar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 durumunda, edinilmi\u015f mal olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir<a href=\"#_ftn8\">[8]<\/a>. T\u00fcrk hukukunda bu konuda net bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fi bulunmasa da genel e\u011filim konunun \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan \u201cemek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 elde edilen de\u011fer\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ini doldurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan edinilmi\u015f mal yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler kategorisine sokulmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n<h6><strong style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Lato, sans-serif;\">c) Edinilmi\u015f Mal \u0130le Ki\u015fisel Mal\u0131n \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u00e7e Ge\u00e7mesi Halinde Mal\u0131n Grupland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>\u015eayet kat\u0131lma rejimi i\u00e7erisinde edinilen mal\u0131n bedeli, hem edinilmi\u015f maldan&nbsp; hem de ki\u015fisel maldan kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015fsa, \u00e7o\u011funluk hissesinin hangi mal t\u00fcr\u00fcne ait oldu\u011funa bak\u0131l\u0131r. Kat\u0131lan de\u011ferlerden hangisi fazlaysa mal o gruba dahil edilecektir, fakat di\u011fer mal grubundan yap\u0131lan katk\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak sonuca gidilecektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin A, evlilik s\u00fcresince biriktirdi\u011fi 40 bin YTL&#8217; ye, kendisine miras kalan arsan\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan elde etti\u011fi 10 bin YTL&#8217;yi ekleyerek bir daire alm\u0131\u015fsa, daireyi as\u0131l finanse eden 40 bin YTL oldu\u011fundan, daire edinilmi\u015f mal kabul edilecektir ve tasfiye a\u015famas\u0131nda, A&#8217; n\u0131n ki\u015fisel mal\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131&nbsp;ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bu daire \u00fczerinde di\u011fer e\u015f i\u00e7in kat\u0131lma alaca\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131 s\u00f6z&nbsp; konusu olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Yine edinilmi\u015f mal\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yeni bir mal elde eden e\u015fin yeni mal\u0131 da edinilmi\u015f mal kabul edilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; evlilik s\u00fcresince maa\u015f\u0131ndan biriktirdi\u011fi para ile arsa sat\u0131n alan e\u015f, daha sonra bu arsay\u0131 sat\u0131p yerine bir apartman dairesi al\u0131rsa bu daire de o e\u015fin edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131na dahil olacakt\u0131r. Arsay\u0131 sat\u0131p yerine mal almaz ve paray\u0131 bankaya yat\u0131r\u0131rsa, bu defa bankadaki para edinilmi\u015f mal kabul edilecektir. Yine ba\u015fka bir \u00f6rne\u011fe g\u00f6re, fabrikada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan A, on y\u0131ll\u0131k evlili\u011fi s\u00fcresince biriktirdi\u011fi \u00fccretleriyle bir arsa sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sat\u0131n al\u0131nan bu arsa, edinilmi\u015f mal\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferdir. A, bu arsay\u0131 y\u00fckleniciye verip, bir daire alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funda bu kez edinilmi\u015f mal\u0131n, yani arsan\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011fer daire olacakt\u0131r ve bu de\u011fer e\u015fler aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r<a href=\"#_ftn9\">[9]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>[6] Sigorta ve kamula\u015ft\u0131rma gibi durumlarda intifa hakk\u0131, hakk\u0131n konusu yerine ge\u00e7en kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u00fczerinde devam eder.<\/p>\n<p>[7] \u00d6ztan, Bilge; \u201cAile Hukuku\u201d, 5. bas\u0131, Turan Kitapevi,&nbsp; Ankara, 2004, s 256-257.<\/p>\n<p>[8]Acar\u2019a g\u00f6re loto piyango gibi yollarla kazan\u00e7 elde edilmesinde, ikame durumundan \u00f6te ki\u015fisel mal karakteri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bask\u0131nd\u0131r. Ko\u00e7an veya bilet paras\u0131na oranla elde edilen ikramiye miktar\u0131 bin kat\u0131, milyon veya milyar kat\u0131 fazla olabilir. Ko\u00e7an veya bilet paras\u0131n\u0131n edinilmi\u015f mallardan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131, bu rejimin ruhunu olu\u015fturan&nbsp; \u201cemek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 edinme \u015fart\u0131\u201d dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, elde edilen ikramiyenin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle edinilmi\u015f mal say\u0131lmas\u0131na engel olu\u015fturur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc di\u011fer e\u015fin eme\u011fi ko\u00e7an veya bilet paras\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Yine loto veya piyango t\u00fcr\u00fc hukuksal ili\u015fkilerde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkisi yok denecek kadar azd\u0131r veya yoktur denilebilir. Bu de\u011ferlendirmeleri piyango, spor toto, \u00e7ekili\u015flerinden kazan\u0131lan para ve mallar i\u00e7in de yapmak da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Acar, 62.<\/p>\n<p><strong>[9]K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7o\u011flu, Ahmet, Medeni Kanun\u2019umuzun Aile-Miras-E\u015fya Hukukuna Getirdi\u011fi Yenilikler, Ankara 2004,&nbsp; 224&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<h6><strong>SONU\u00c7<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun mal rejimine ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, \u00f6zellikle kad\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in konulmu\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmlerdir. Kad\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, evinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak emek harcamakta, y\u0131llar sonra bo\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise, malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan evlendi\u011fi andaki de\u011feriyle e\u015fit miktarda olarak bundan sonraki ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum ise kad\u0131n\u0131n ma\u011fdur olmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejimi kad\u0131n\u0131n ma\u011fduriyetini \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn olumlu bir de\u011fi\u015fim oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Mal rejiminin uygulanma a\u015famas\u0131nda birtak\u0131m zorluklar ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesizdir. \u00d6zellikle tasfiye a\u015famas\u0131nda, hangi mallar\u0131n hangi mal gruplar\u0131na girdi\u011fi veya hangi malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferini edinilmi\u015f mal veya edinilmi\u015f mal yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011fer olaca\u011f\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tespiti&nbsp; noktas\u0131nda beraberinde baz\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 da getirece\u011fi \u015f\u00fcpheden uzakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada e\u015flerin tespiti (yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015f olmas\u0131 veya \u00fczerinde mutabakata var\u0131larak sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmeyle) \u00f6nem arz edecektir. E\u015flerin, ihtilaf&nbsp; ya\u015famadan anla\u015fmalar\u0131 halinde s\u00f6z konusu tespitin dolay\u0131s\u0131yla payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n da&nbsp; kolay olaca\u011f\u0131 bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu hususta e\u015fler aras\u0131nda birbirlerine bilgi verme y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fcne ili\u015fkin bir maddenin kanun koyucu taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir eksikliktir. Zira e\u015flerin birlikte refah ve saadet i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, birbirlerine maddi durumlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermelerini \u2013 haklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na yararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u2013 zorunlu k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Yine zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel bir h\u00fck\u00fcm olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlerdeki zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin uygulanmas\u0131 da daha adil sonu\u00e7lar meydana\/ortaya &nbsp;getirecektir. T\u00fcm bunlarla birlikte edinilmi\u015f mal yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferin de e\u015fler taraf\u0131ndan tespiti ve payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n buna g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmas\u0131 daha adil olaca\u011f\u0131ndan kanun koyucu taraf\u0131ndan bu hususun d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir eksikli\u011fi gidermi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>YARGITAY KARARLARI<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>(\u2026) 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 TMK\u2019nun 202. maddesine g\u00f6re, e\u015fler aras\u0131nda edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin uygulanmas\u0131 as\u0131ld\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 yasan\u0131n 218 ve devam\u0131 maddeleri gere\u011fince, edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejimi, edinilmi\u015f mallar ile e\u015flerden her birinin ki\u015fisel mallar\u0131n\u0131 kapsar. Belirli bir mal\u0131n e\u015flerden birine ait oldu\u011funu iddia eden kimse, iddias\u0131n\u0131 ispat etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. E\u015flerden hangisine ait oldu\u011fu ispat edilemeyen mallar onlar\u0131n payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyetinde say\u0131l\u0131r. Bir e\u015fin b\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131 aksi ispat edilinceye kadar edinilmi\u015f mal kabul edilir. Her e\u015f yasal s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde ki\u015fisel mallar\u0131 ile edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netme, bunlardan yararlanma ve bunlar \u00fczerinde tasarrufta bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptir.(\u2026) <strong><em>Yarg\u0131tay 6. Hukuk Dairesi E. 2012\/10158, K. 2013\/1633, T. 05.02.2013<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(\u2026) Belirli bir mal\u0131n e\u015flerden birine ait oldu\u011funu iddia eden kimse, iddias\u0131n\u0131 ispat etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. E\u015flerden hangisine ait oldu\u011fu ispat edilemeyen mallar onlar\u0131n payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyetinde say\u0131l\u0131r. Bir e\u015fin b\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131, aksi ispat edilinceye kadar edinilmi\u015f mal olarak kabul edilir (TMK m. 222). Ayn\u0131 kanunun 219\/5. maddesine g\u00f6re ise; edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler edinilmi\u015f mal, 220\/4. maddeye g\u00f6re de, ki\u015fisel mallar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler de ki\u015fisel mal say\u0131l\u0131r. Bu durum, kanun koyucunun kabul etti\u011fi, mal rejiminin tasfiyesi davalar\u0131ndaki ispat ve ikame kurallar\u0131d\u0131r. (\u2026) <strong><em>Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi E. 2015\/11939, K. 2017\/4982, T. 04.04.2017<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(\u2026) Edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131, kanun koyucu taraf\u0131ndan TMK\u2019nun 219. maddesinde ifade edilmi\u015ftir. TMK\u2019nun 219. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cBir e\u015fin edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131 \u00f6zellikle \u015funlard\u0131r\u201d denilerek edinilmi\u015f mallar s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak say\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, sadece \u201c1. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan edinimler, 2. Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik veya sosyal yard\u0131m kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n veya personele yard\u0131m amac\u0131 ile kurulan sand\u0131k ve benzerlerinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6demeler, 3. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn kayb\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6denen tazminatlar, 4. Ki\u015fisel mallar\u0131n\u0131n gelirleri, 5. Edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler\u201d \u015feklinde \u00f6zel \u00f6rneklerle yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (\u2026) <strong><em>Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu, E. 2019\/805, K. 2022\/123 T. 15.02.2022<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(\u2026) Bundan ayr\u0131, mahkeme gerek\u00e7esinde, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte tasfiyeye tabi tutulacak mal\u0131n elde bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir. Bu gerek\u00e7e do\u011fru bir gerek\u00e7e de\u011fildir. \u015eayet mesken edinilmi\u015f mal ise TMK&#8217;nun 219\/2-5. bendi uyar\u0131nca, \u201cedinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n yerlerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler\u201d, de edinilmi\u015f mal say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Buna ikame de\u011fer denildi\u011fi gibi kaim de\u011fer de denilmektedir. Kural olarak, mal rejimi, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda TMK\u2019nun 225\/2. f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte sona ermektedir. Edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin&nbsp; ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde mal ister elde bulunsun, ister bulunmas\u0131n de\u011ferleriyle tasfiyede yer al\u0131rlar. Gerek mal ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 rejiminin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde ve gerekse&nbsp;edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin&nbsp; ge\u00e7erli bulundu\u011fu evrede 07.03.1953 tarih, 1953\/8 Esas ve 1953\/7 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 &#8230; karar\u0131 gere\u011fince, ayin (m\u00fclkiyet) istenemeyece\u011finden tasfiyeye konu mal\u0131n de\u011feri istek bak\u0131m\u0131ndan esas al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan sat\u0131lan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n kaim (ikame) ya da edinilmi\u015f mal\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011fer varken TMK\u2019nun 219. maddesi ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde tasfiyeye tabi tutulacak mal mevcut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n reddi bu bak\u0131mdan yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (\u2026) <strong><em>Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 2013\/15306, K. 2013\/17269, T. 21.11.2013<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(\u2026) G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi dava konusu 6 nolu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm, TMK&#8217;nun 219. maddesi gere\u011fince edinilmi\u015f mal olup, ayn\u0131 kanunun 222\/3. f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u201cBir e\u015fin b\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131, aksi ispat edilinceye kadar edinilmi\u015f mal kabul edilir.\u201d Ayn\u0131 Kanun&#8217;un 219\/1. f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re ise, \u201c edinilmi\u015f mal, her e\u015fin bu mal rejiminin devam\u0131 s\u00fcresince kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vererek elde etti\u011fi mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferleri \u201c olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. TMK&#8217;nun 219\/2-5. bendi uyar\u0131nca, \u201cedinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler\u201d edinilmi\u015f mal say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Somut olayda, daval\u0131 ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 bulunan 6 nolu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra daval\u0131 kad\u0131n (Medine) taraf\u0131ndan 24.08.2006 tarihinde sat\u0131l\u0131p \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u015fahsa devredildi\u011fine ve a\u00e7\u0131klanan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda sat\u0131lan mal\u0131n de\u011feri de TMK&#8217;nun 219\/2-5. bendi uyar\u0131nca edinilmi\u015f mal\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011fer olarak kabul edilmesi gerekti\u011fine g\u00f6re, davac\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131lma alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlulu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Doktrinde ve uygulamada ayn\u0131 zamanda bu de\u011fer, &#8220;ikame de\u011fer&#8221; olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. De\u011ferli \u00e7o\u011funluk\u00e7a ikame de\u011fer g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilerek de\u011fi\u015fik gerek\u00e7eyle h\u00fckm\u00fcn onanmas\u0131na karar verilmesi a\u00e7\u0131klanan kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile belirtilen ilkelere ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. (\u2026)<strong><em>Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 2013\/2023, K. 2013\/12664, T. 19.09.2013<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(\u2026) Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k konusu 1900 parselde bulunan 6 numaral\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm dosya aras\u0131nda bulunan tapu kayd\u0131na g\u00f6re, 28.8.2002 tarihinde daval\u0131 koca taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla edinildi\u011finden T.M.K.nun&nbsp;219. maddesi gere\u011fince edinilmi\u015f mal oldu\u011funun kabul\u00fc gerekir. Kural olarak, edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde edinilen ta\u015f\u0131nmazdan kaynaklanan kat\u0131lma alaca\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan davac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131n\u0131n, ya da herhangi bir gelire sahip olup olmamas\u0131n\u0131n sonuca bir etkisi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Daval\u0131 vekili cevap dilek\u00e7esinde, her ne kadar &#8230;plakal\u0131 arac\u0131n 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun 4.4.2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan elde edilen paran\u0131n evin al\u0131m\u0131na katk\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015f ise de, s\u00f6z konusu arac\u0131n dosya aras\u0131nda bulunan trafik kayd\u0131na g\u00f6re 19.4.2002 tarihinde al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve T.M.K.nun&nbsp;219. maddesi gere\u011fince edinilmi\u015f mal oldu\u011fu konusunda duraksamamak gerekir. Davac\u0131n\u0131n araca y\u00f6nelik bir istemi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Arac\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan elde edilen para da ayn\u0131 maddenin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 5. bendi gere\u011fince edinilmi\u015f mal\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011fer olarak kabul edilmektedir. Kald\u0131 ki, ara\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 28.8.2002 tarihinden sonra 4.4.2003 tarihinde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup bu paran\u0131n evin iyile\u015ftirilmesine ya da edinilmi\u015f maldan kaynaklanan bor\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6denmesine harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda herhangi bir savunmada s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu paran\u0131n eve harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131na olanak bulunmamaktad\u0131r. T.M.K.nun&nbsp;6&nbsp;ve&nbsp;221\/1. maddeleri gere\u011fince herkes iddia ve savunmas\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. (\u2026) <strong><em>Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 2013\/11453, K. 2013\/9715, T. 20.06.2013<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(\u2026) Davac\u0131 vekili 17.12.2010 havale tarihli cevaba cevap dilek\u00e7esinde dava konusu evin \u00f6len e\u015fin 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda emekli olmas\u0131yla al\u0131nan ikramiye ile eldeki birikimlerin birle\u015ftirilmesi suretiyle sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re 17.10.2002 tarihinde sat\u0131n al\u0131nan evin bedelinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6len e\u015fin ki\u015fisel mal\u0131 niteli\u011findeki emeklilik ikramiyesi ile kalan\u0131n\u0131n ise taraflar\u0131n birikimleri ile kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dava konusu ev,&nbsp;edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu 17.10.2002 tarihinde sat\u0131n al\u0131narak \u00f6len e\u015f ad\u0131na tescil edilmi\u015ftir. TMK&#8217;nun 222\/1 ve 3. maddesine g\u00f6re bir e\u015fin b\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131 aksi ispat edilinceye kadar edinilmi\u015f mal say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daval\u0131 taraf\u00e7a da emekli ikramiyesi ile kar\u015f\u0131lanan b\u00f6l\u00fcm d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u0131sm\u0131n \u00f6len e\u015fin ki\u015fisel mallar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131tlanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emekli ikramiyesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn an\u0131lan kanun maddesi uyar\u0131nca edinilmi\u015f mallardan kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc gerekir. Ayn\u0131 Kanunun 219\/5.maddesi uyar\u0131nca edinilmi\u015f mal\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferler de edinilmi\u015f mal say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131ndan davac\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k de\u011fere kat\u0131lma alaca\u011f\u0131 mevcuttur. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalara g\u00f6re belirlenecek kat\u0131lma alaca\u011f\u0131na mahsuben, davac\u0131n\u0131n talepleri konusunda bir karar verilmesi gerekirken usul, yasa ve dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fine uygun d\u00fc\u015fmeyen sair gerek\u00e7elerle davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmesi do\u011fru olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (\u2026) <strong><em>Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 2014\/24171, K. 2016\/6157, T. 06.04.2016<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(\u2026) Kural olarak, evlilik s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde 01.08.2005 tarihinde sat\u0131n al\u0131nan P1. plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7 edinilmi\u015f mallara kat\u0131lma rejiminin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde edinildi\u011finden, TMK&#8217;nun 219\/1-1.bendi gere\u011fince, edinilmi\u015f mal say\u0131l\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu arac\u0131n 16.08.2007 tarihinde (bo\u015fanma dava tarihinden \u00f6nce) \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye devredilmesi nedeniyle bundan kaynaklanan kat\u0131lma alaca\u011f\u0131 ayn\u0131 maddenin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131 yoluyla 5. bendi uyar\u0131nca edinilmi\u015f mallar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011fer olarak kabul edilir. Davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 29.12.2006 tarihinde I.\u2019tan \u00e7ekilen 15.000,00 TL krediden 11.265,24 TL kredinin 01.08.2005 tarihinde sat\u0131n al\u0131nan arac\u0131n kredi borcunu kapatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 dosya kapsam\u0131nda bulunan al\u0131m tarihlerine denk d\u00fc\u015fen E. Bankas\u0131n\u0131n 29.12.2006 tarihli havale \u00f6deme dekontuyla do\u011frulanmaktad\u0131r. Ara\u00e7 makbuzu da arac\u0131 satan Volkswagen Do\u011fu\u015f \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi kredinin \u00e7ekildi\u011fi g\u00fcn s\u00f6z konusu paran\u0131n da havale edildi\u011finin ve bunun da hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na uygun d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kabul\u00fc gerekir. I.\u2019tan \u00e7ekilen 15.000,00 TL kredinin geri kalan 4.750,00 TL ise, daval\u0131n\u0131n babas\u0131na davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan havale edildi\u011fi 29.12.2006 havale tarihli Yap\u0131 ve Kredi Bankas\u0131 dekontu ile belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu miktar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibidir. (\u2026) <strong><em>Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 2012\/13656, K. 2013\/7997, T. 27.05.2013<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h6><strong>KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>Acabey, Be\u015fir, <strong>Medeni Kanun Tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Evlilik Birli\u011finde Yasal Mal Rejimine \u0130li\u015fkin H\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin De\u011ferlendirilmesi, Prof. Dr. Hayri Domani\u00e7\u2019e 80. Ya\u015f G\u00fcn\u00fc Arma\u011fan\u0131, <\/strong>II. Cilt, \u0130stanbul 2001<\/p>\n<p>Ak\u0131nt\u00fcrk, Turgut, <strong>T\u00fcrk Medeni Hukuku, Yeni Medeni Kanuna Uyarlanm\u0131\u015f Aile Hukuku<\/strong>, Cilt 2, Yenilenmi\u015f 8. bas\u0131, beta Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2003<\/p>\n<p>Ak\u0131nt\u00fcrk, Turgut, <strong>Yeni Medeni Kanun Uyarlanm\u0131\u015f Medeni Kanun<\/strong>, Geni\u015fletilmi\u015f 9. bas\u0131, Beta Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2003<\/p>\n<p>Barlas, Nami, <strong>Yeni T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu H\u00fck\u00fcmleri \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde E\u015fler Aras\u0131 Hukuki \u0130\u015flem \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131,&nbsp; Prof. Dr. Necip Kocayusufpa\u015fao\u011flu \u0130\u00e7in Arma\u011fan,<\/strong> Ankara 2004<\/p>\n<p>Gen\u00e7can, \u00d6mer U\u011fur,&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>4721 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanuna G\u00f6re Mal Rejimine \u0130li\u015fkin Genel H\u00fck\u00fcmler Ve Edinilmi\u015f Mallara Kat\u0131lma Rejimi<\/strong>, Ankara 2002<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcrsoy, Serhan, Harun Bulut, <strong>Aile Mahkemeleri Uygulamas\u0131, <\/strong>1. bas\u0131, Vedat Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2004<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6ztan, Bilge, <strong>Aile Hukuku<\/strong>, 5. bas\u0131, Turan Kitapevi, Ankara, 2004<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7o\u011flu, Ahmet, <strong>Medeni Kanun\u2019umuzun Aile-Miras-E\u015fya Hukukuna Getirdi\u011fi Yenilikler<\/strong>, Ankara 2004<\/p>\n<p>Moro\u011flu, Nazan, <strong>Medeni Kanunda Mal Rejimleri<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul 2002<\/p>\n<p>P\u0131nar \u00d6zlem Demir, <strong>Evli Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Hukuki Durumu<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul 2004<\/p>\n<p>Uyar, Talih, <strong>T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanun Aile Hukuku<\/strong>, Cilt 3, Feryal Matbaas\u0131, Ankara, 2003<\/p>\n<p>Dural, \u00d6\u011f\u00fcz, G\u00dcM\u00dc\u015e; <strong>\u201cT\u00fcrk \u00d6zel Hukuku, Aile Hukuku\u201d<\/strong>, Cilt III, G\u00f6zden Ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f 15. Bas\u0131, Filiz Kitabevi, \u0130stanbul, 2020<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; ED\u0130N\u0130LM\u0130\u015e MALLAR YER\u0130NE GE\u00c7EN DE\u011eERLER &nbsp; Haz\u0131rlayan: Av. Bedrettin YILMAZ \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDEK\u0130LER \u0130\u00e7indekiler\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026.1 K\u0131saltmalar Cetveli\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026.2 Giri\u015f\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026.1 I- Edinilmi\u015f Mallara Kat\u0131lma Rejiminde Edinilmi\u015f Mallar Yerine Ge\u00e7en De\u011ferler\u2026\u2026..\u20261 A-Genel Olarak \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u20261 B-Edinilmi\u015f Mallara Kat\u0131lma \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;&#8230;\u20262 II-Edinilmi\u015f Mallar Yerine Ge\u00e7en De\u011ferler\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;3 Ar\u0131zi Bir Olay Neticesi&nbsp;&nbsp; Elde Edilen De\u011ferler\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..4 b) \u015eans, Talih veya Benzeri Yollardan Elde Edilen De\u011ferler\u2026\u2026\u2026&#8230;\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026&#8230;\u2026.\u20265 c) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5590,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5784","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5784"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5784"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5784\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6016,"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5784\/revisions\/6016"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/elithukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}